James Randi: fails to explain away Arigo, the surgeon with the rusty knife

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Well, if the inventor died and burned all his notes and equipment, and we had no way of repeating the experiment, it's essentially fruitless and pointless. Someone will have to start all over again to repeat it, so the first experiment might as well have not existed.

On the other hand, if the inventor at least left behind his equipment, then that could be used to analyse some of the methods used for the experiment.

The point is that empiricism in science is based upon being able to reproduce the result independently given certain standard conditions, based upon understanding of what methods must be used and why they must be used.

If you don't have that, you just have a good story to tell around the campfire and nothing more.

Girolamo Savonarola, Thursday, 4 November 2004 03:19 (nineteen years ago) link

Yeah, I guess you're right. In the case of cold fusion, for it to be verified by anyone it would have to be more than witnessed. But still-- HEY-- what about my other point I was trying to annoy you with? The one about fraud vs. "multiple disciplines" of psychic science?

Super Corrector, Thursday, 4 November 2004 03:20 (nineteen years ago) link

Until you have some empirical evidence for psychic science, it's still the larger assumption.

Girolamo Savonarola, Thursday, 4 November 2004 03:22 (nineteen years ago) link

How do you obtain empirical evidence for a process that is invisible beyond its observable results? Is there empirical evidence for hypnosis, for instance? If you mean you wish to replicate psychic surgery like Arigo, you need look no further than Tantra. How many replications would you like? How many do you need? What is the percentage rate of success necessary to be convincing?

The Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 03:29 (nineteen years ago) link

http://www.anni80.info/musica/images/george.jpg
'Cause ya gotta faith...

Girolamo Savonarola, Thursday, 4 November 2004 03:48 (nineteen years ago) link

have it, even

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 03:50 (nineteen years ago) link

For instance, a Yogi can change his brainwaves -- verifiable.A Yogi can stop his heart -- verifiable. A Yogi can stop breathing for over 5 minutes -- verifiable. A Yogi can go without eating for ridiculous periods of time -- verifiable. A Yogi can walk over hot coals, lick a white hot rod and somehow heal himself and others -- observable, at least, but how do we "verify" such things? Because he does it repeatedly and teach others to do the same? To me, that is verification. To you, apparently, he is teaching legions of frauds?

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 03:51 (nineteen years ago) link

Er, substitute "stop heartbeat" for "slow pulse to nada."

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 03:54 (nineteen years ago) link

This is an unusual thread.

Ned Raggett (Ned), Thursday, 4 November 2004 04:21 (nineteen years ago) link

Redfez, would you let him operate on you?

No. (And ?!)

This is an unusual thread.

This was my favorite thread ever. It gets my "best of the web" award:

http://www.ronandjoe.com/cheese/silly/red_fez.jpg

redfez, Thursday, 4 November 2004 04:52 (nineteen years ago) link

For instance, a Yogi can change his brainwaves -- verifiable.A Yogi can stop his heart -- verifiable. A Yogi can stop breathing for over 5 minutes -- verifiable. A Yogi can go without eating for ridiculous periods of time -- verifiable.

Is it completely pointless for me to ask for some cites here? By verifiable, I assume you mean "verifiable by people without some vested interest in believing he can do that".

Layna Andersen (Layna Andersen), Thursday, 4 November 2004 05:38 (nineteen years ago) link

As you can imagine, it's not as easy to find free and readily available scientific studies online today about a subject that was of mainstream interest in the 1970's, but there are some I've found and listed below. Yoga is a popular form of Tantra, so you are likely to find much more on this particular subject in 2004. Eventually, for the reasons cited in Time article below, there will be nothing more to say about Yoga, either, and in 2030, skeptics will *still* be asking for proof that it does anything to promote healing. If you were interested in the subject and did your own research, you could find plenty more, including everything I've mentioned above. There are also frauds. Some people stick a lemon in their armpit to "stop" their pulse, just like some people throw animal organs on the ground to "perform" psychic surgery. But, they are not all frauds and it is wrong to use the lump-it-together method of dismissal.

http://www.firstscience.com/SITE/factfile/factfile1421_1440.asp
Weird Science fact # 1422/ It has been demonstrated that humans are able to control their body temperatures to an amazing degree. In one experiment involving skilled yoga practitioners, the yogi was able to change the temperature of two areas of skin just two inches apart by a difference of ten degrees fahrenheit.


http://health.discovery.com/centers/fitness/runsmart/runsmart3.html
This article shows that you can not only use your mind to change your body, but that you can use your body to change your mind, which is exactly what Tantra/Yoga is all about.

http://www.newscientist.com/conferences/confarticle.jsp?conf=soneu200011&id=ns9999154
This article reaffirms this, specifically citing Yoga.

http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,106356-1,00.html
This article shows that scientific analysis of Yoga is about as controversial as eggs. One study shows one thing, someone else says it's inconclusive. Do you eat the yolks or not?

http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/health/HealthRepublish_41237.htm
Scientists at the Medical College of Georgia examined how transcendental meditation decreases constriction of blood vessels and affects the heart’s output.  They found that transcendental meditation decreases blood pressure by reducing constriction of the blood vessels and thereby decreases the risk of heart disease.  This is yet another study that shows evidence of mind-body connections.  While clearing one’s mind and concentrating upon soothing images, one can ease the physical condition of high blood pressure by allowing the body’s blood vessels to dilate.  This is not a conscious process in that you are thinking, “please blood vessels dilate” but an awareness process of recognizing the stressors of your everyday life.  By becoming aware of your need to take time to relax and release tension you are able to transfer this healthy awareness to your body.

....And here's a whole bunch of articles on Yoga related to physical and mental health:
http://www.sciencedaily.com/search/?keyword=yoga&topic=all&sort=relevance

Supernatural Man, Thursday, 4 November 2004 13:08 (nineteen years ago) link

How do they do that cuttting a guy in half thing? imagine the medical breakthroughs we could make if only we could understand how it's done.

I'M BEING SARCASTIC

Jaunty Alan (Alan), Thursday, 4 November 2004 13:32 (nineteen years ago) link

http://www.starchild-uk.com/

Jarlr'mai (jarlrmai), Thursday, 4 November 2004 13:53 (nineteen years ago) link

Dude, to win this argument you have to prove the unrpoveable. And you also have to apologise to Mr Randi because you're not capable of backing up your attacks on him. Best do it now, because then if you die and your computer is destroyed you'll have witnesses who can confirm you did it.

Markelby (Mark C), Thursday, 4 November 2004 14:08 (nineteen years ago) link

Markelby, Mr. Randi is not capable of backing up his own statements and you are not capable of speaking on this subject honestly because you are obviously not aware of the staggering amount of research that supports these "'multiple disciplines' of psychic science".

My argument does not have to prove the unproveable. For an unsolved mystery to be solved, it has be proved. Otherwise, it is not solved. For it to remain unsolved, all we have to do is admit the evidence for the mystery and the lack of evidence for its solution.

Supernatural Man, Thursday, 4 November 2004 14:20 (nineteen years ago) link

How do they do that cuttting a guy in half thing? imagine the medical breakthroughs we could make if only we could understand how it's done.

They actually cut the guy in half. Of course, there are frauds who use various tricks to create a similar illusion.

Supernatural Man, Thursday, 4 November 2004 14:22 (nineteen years ago) link

Superdude, the book you've mentioned about Arigó (Arigó: Surgeon of the Rusty Knife) is written by a John G. Fuller, whose oeuvre also includes books about ghosts and UFOs, for example. That doesn't exactly sound like an objective source. Unless you can provide us with some research done by objective medical scientists (not by ones who already believed in faith surgery before examining Arigó), all you're doing is reproducing hearsay.

Tuomas (Tuomas), Thursday, 4 November 2004 14:59 (nineteen years ago) link

Oh, and so now I suppose you don't believe in ghosts and UFOs?! Some scientists believe in God and provide evidence which they feel supports their belief, but does that mean we should dismiss all of their research?

Well, fine, then what about this book?

http://www.newscientist.com/opinion/opbooks.jsp?id=ns24122

"...Psi Wars begins with a look at the sheer strangeness of paranormal phenomena and their implications. Then lead editor James Alcock of the University of Toronto argues cogently for scepticism based on evidence rather than ignorance. And as the bulk of the book shows, the evidence is far more extensive than you might think. Furthermore, some of it, notably in studies of telepathy, is strongly positive...

Far from being the flaky obsession of nutcases, paranormal phenomena emerge as a valuable test bed for techniques whose reliability too often goes unquestioned. Anyone seeking something more sophisticated than the usual mud-slinging should buy this book."

Superdude, Thursday, 4 November 2004 15:17 (nineteen years ago) link

I probably should've quoted this part, too, for those who will never click the link:

"...Cue the ritual slanging match between the wide-eyed credulist ("Well, it works for me") and the sceptic ("There's not a shred of scientific evidence").

Those who loathe such exchanges because of their sterile predictability now have a powerful antidote in this authoritative and accessible review of the state of scientific research into paranormal phenomena, based on a special issue of the Journal of Consciousness Studies. Almost all of the pieces are written by university academics with a track record of peer-reviewed research, and they cover paranormal phenomena thought by some to cast light on human consciousness, primarily telepathy (communication between minds), psychokinesis (affecting objects with the mind) and astrology (celestial effects on the mind)."

Return of Superdude, Thursday, 4 November 2004 15:21 (nineteen years ago) link

I suppose you don't believe in ghosts and UFOs?! Some scientists believe in God and provide evidence

you should find another bulletin board. really.

Jaunty Alan (Alan), Thursday, 4 November 2004 15:21 (nineteen years ago) link

Jaunty, I was kidding, you tightass.

Superdude, Thursday, 4 November 2004 15:23 (nineteen years ago) link

ok, but it's still true. you can only have a proper discussion with someone who you share some common ground with. forget i said anything.

Jaunty Alan (Alan), Thursday, 4 November 2004 15:25 (nineteen years ago) link

See, my point is that no matter how many books come out like the one above, which shows strong evidence in favor of PSI by credible sources and are even recommended by science correspondence in science magazines, a skeptic will say there is no evidence and disregard the evidence.

Why? Because a skeptic walks into a room with a psychic and says, "Read my mind-- can't do it? Okay, you're full of shit." Even when overall telepathy studies overwhelmingly favor the existence of telepathy over all other possible explanations, the skeptic says, "Well, they did not do it every time and some studies failed miserably," completely discounting the majority of studies, the methods of analysis and experimentation in each study and the nature of PSI, in general, which nobody claims to be 100%, anyway. It is not like putting cells in a petri dish and getting a predictable result.

Super-Understander, Thursday, 4 November 2004 15:32 (nineteen years ago) link

that's a rubbish point.

it is a waste of effort to investigate every crazy claim that anyone comes out with. if the claim is similar to stuff that has been debunked before, then it is totally rational to not immediately go "OH REALLY, WOW SHOW ME". THis is your "lumping in" thing. there's nothing wrong with it.

the onus is on a claimant to shore up intially unlikely claims with persuasive evidence.

in this case, and others no doubt, you think that persuasive evidence is in. i don't. especially when such claims are so easily explained in other ways.

Jaunty Alan (Alan), Thursday, 4 November 2004 15:37 (nineteen years ago) link

Superdude, the problem with the research on telepathy is that it mostly done by people who already believe in it's existence before they do the research. No wonder some of them get "positive results". Also, as you probably know, James Randi as well as other sceptics around the world are willing to pay masses of money to anyone who's capable of producing any supernatural phenomenon in a controlled environment. So far no has been able of claiming that money. Why do you think this is?

Tuomas (Tuomas), Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:02 (nineteen years ago) link

Jaunty and Tuomas, I am reffering to controlled testing research with supposed psychics and just normal people. These researchers were NOT already believers. In fact, most of them concluded there was "no evidence" to support PSI. However, they came to these conclusions despite the evidence that clearly suggested otherwise by their own studies. It becomes especially clear when you collect and analyze all the available research data on PSI and see that this is way more than a 50/50 crapshoot of being right or wrong. This is exactly why nobody is claiming any money from Randi. Randi, like yourself, will simply reject it. The only way a skeptic could be convinced is for someone to be 100% right on at the drop of a hat.

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:13 (nineteen years ago) link

Okay, give us some references, please.

Tuomas (Tuomas), Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:17 (nineteen years ago) link

You can start here where I last directed you:
http://www.newscientist.com/opinion/opbooks.jsp?id=ns24122

And don't forget, this Randi is the same guy who resorted to comparing Arigo to other frauds to discredit him when Arigo could be proven fraudulent no other way. He reduced the man to a one-trick pony (knife eye guy) and linked him with exposed frauds who flung animal parts on the ground. The reason Arigo was so much more of an interest was exactly BECAUSE he was not like these other frauds and was not a one-trick pony flinging animal parts on the ground. But, that doesn't matter to Randi.

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:20 (nineteen years ago) link

referring to "this Randi" makes me disinclined to spend any time on your link or claims

Jaunty Alan (Alan), Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:24 (nineteen years ago) link

See, Jaunty, you haven't even taken a look. It's at New Scientist for fuck's sake-- yes, in "opinion" as a recommendation by a science correspondent. The books authors and contributors are peer-reviewed reputable professionals.

This is why you get offended by "this Randi" because, like him, you are a hardcore avowed skeptic. You would have me offer you proof for ages and if you even bothered to look at the evidence and the proof began to add up, you would resort to some tactic like this "this Randi" copout.

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:33 (nineteen years ago) link

I still haven't seen anything written by Randi which mentions Arigo. Where is the original piece you are talking about?

Alex in SF (Alex in SF), Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:35 (nineteen years ago) link

i'm not offended - it just makes me view your interest in the subject with a lack of respect. i am indeed a skeptic - but you don't seem to understand the word. that's fine by me.

And though i don't know you, i do know that nutters keep popping up with hobby horses to waste my time. and i'm just not interested. post a picture of a kitten.

Jaunty Alan (Alan), Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:45 (nineteen years ago) link

From an Amazon reviewer that is not a total retard (I think even you will have to agree) and perhaps how he describes this book will actually prompt you to read it. It's pretty damn interesting:

"When we pick up a book on science and the paranormal, the first thing we generally want to know is whether the author is arguing for the reality of anomalies or against them. When it comes to a true scientific controversy, many of the best treatments are neccessarily the ones where you don't quite know which side is being argued because the facts are being presented as far as practical for you to evaluate. That's a difficult posture to take in a book on scientific anomalies because the term itself is somewhat of an oxymoron to many people.

If it is an anomaly, how can it be scientific? Isn't science supposed to be about things we can measure and "prove?" Parapsychology relentlessly tests our attitude and philosophy toward how science works by presenting us with what are potentially very significant anomalies to the way we understand nature.

"Psi Wars" is a particularly good treatment of the general topic of the paranomal and its investigation by science. It begins by showing clearly why putative psi phenomena are so threatening to our understanding, by virtue of their sheer bizarreness. It then reviews the evidence for certain phenomena, such as telepathy, and shows it to be, (as parapsychologists have long contended, often against ridicule and accusations), remarkably strong.

A unique aspect of this book is that while reviewing the strength of the evidence for psi phenomena is an unusually balanced way, it also presents well-reasoned articles explaining why skepticism is still the most useful approach for scientists to take toward certain kinds of anomalies. Standard statistical methods can show intrinsic weaknesses when used to analyze highly unusual results. Scientific protocols have some unavoidable difficulties dealing with results that are so unreliably replicated in a laboratory.

This book stands out as an excellent case study of methdological issues of particularly difficult scientific investigations and a good way to examine tricky issues of philosophy of science. Could it be that the phenomena are real and our understanding of nature has some disturbing holes in it, or could it be that our methods of understanding nature have limits yet to be fully recognized?

Psi Wars stands out for me as an unusually serious and responsible treatment of anomalous science in a field all to easy to dismiss or pass off as a joke."

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:47 (nineteen years ago) link


Alex in SF, regarding Randi on Arigo, he generally refers to him in passing and lumps him in with others, such as this statement from his website:

"As for Turoff, he was one of those I looked into on my TV series for Granada, in the UK. He's a promoter of Sai Baba, says he operates through the spirits of the Brazilian fraud Arigo, and a very dead German doctor he calls, "Kahn". I leave you to your own conclusions. "

I believe the piece I was looking at before is in his book "Flim-Flam," in which he also mentions him only briefly and compares him with other proven frauds.

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:48 (nineteen years ago) link

Aw... it's a darn shame, Jaunty. If I only I had worded my statements better, you might actually click a link and read about a book. Boohoo! Baby.

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:52 (nineteen years ago) link

a very persuasive argument. I CAN'T BELIEVE HOW FOOLISH I'VE MADE MYSELF LOOK

Jaunty Alan (Alan), Thursday, 4 November 2004 16:58 (nineteen years ago) link

So he really didn't fail to explain him away as much as he didn't even try to explain him away (possibly because ya know the guy is dead and thus unable to demonstrate his "spooky" powers)?

Alex in SF (Alex in SF), Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:00 (nineteen years ago) link

Jaunty, that's right, you're foolish.

Alex in SF, James Randi fellated Arigo back in the '70's. The point is what he DOES say about him, which is false. He calls him a fraud flat-out when he was anything BUT proven to be a fraud. That's not science to say, "Well, he claimed this. What do you think? He's a fraud."

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:09 (nineteen years ago) link

In my day, we had separate busses for you people.

Tep (ktepi), Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:11 (nineteen years ago) link

Super, are you a benny tied to a tree?

Jaunty Alan (Alan), Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:11 (nineteen years ago) link

Jaunty, are you a child I can put over my knee?

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:12 (nineteen years ago) link

i asked first

Jaunty Alan (Alan), Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:13 (nineteen years ago) link


In my day, we had separate busses for you people.

The long ones, I know.

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:13 (nineteen years ago) link

i asked first

Hijacked Hearse.

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:14 (nineteen years ago) link

So, where we leave off is to be expected:

The very few professionals who actually have studied the subject we are discussing in controlled settings and through broad analysis of multiple results data in a scientific and skeptical manner are exactly what the skeptics on this thread are not interested in looking at. I wonder, what other data have the skeptics on this thread even BOTHERED to look at? My guess is zero.

Super, Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:26 (nineteen years ago) link

Superfez, you are the flakiest flake I've seen post on ILX. Blame the messenger. If you were advocating peanut butter sandwiches, I'd throw my bread out in disgust.

Tep (ktepi), Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:29 (nineteen years ago) link

"The very few professionals who actually have studied the subject we are discussing in controlled settings and through broad analysis of multiple results data in a scientific and skeptical manner are exactly what the skeptics on this thread are not interested in looking at."

Except that those same "professionals" have been proven in other instances to be gullible dorkuses who let their subjects run amok and allow their "controls" to be tampered with.

Alex in SF (Alex in SF), Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:32 (nineteen years ago) link

nah, there was the guy who went on about stochastic brain growth and evolutionary psychology. actually he was sound and interesting, but it was just another blind-alley hobby horse. i believe in peanut butter sandwiches if it helps. the multiple results data can't be argued with there. even if it treated in a scientific AND skeptical manner.

Jaunty Alan (Alan), Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:35 (nineteen years ago) link

(that was xpost to Tep, obv)

Jaunty Alan (Alan), Thursday, 4 November 2004 17:35 (nineteen years ago) link


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