Do you need to know the rules to break the rules? -- free jazz, improv, noise, etc

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even though stapleton supposedly hadn't played an instrument before, guessing from his huge list of influences on the inside of the disc, he knew the rules, and intentionally tried breaking them. maybe he didn't know scales, but he did know timbre (HONOUR THE TIMBRE) and freak-out-edness.


i personally prefer to have some sort of ringer when it comes to noise music. i want something that ties everything together in my head, something to grasp onto. be it a melody or a strong rhythm. i even want it the other way around. i want a ringer in normal music (this time being noise or wackiness to break up the niceness).

JasonD (JasonD), Friday, 13 December 2002 06:52 (twenty-one years ago) link

that list of influences is halfway down the page i linked to, sorry.

btw, how does someone know all this crazy obscure music so long ago. people are still catching up.

JasonD (JasonD), Friday, 13 December 2002 06:54 (twenty-one years ago) link

There are theoretically at least a couple of completely made-up names on the NWW list but if anyone's called Stapleton on them he hasn't said.

IIRC he worked in a German underground record shop for a while, or something like that.

Tom (Groke), Friday, 13 December 2002 09:46 (twenty-one years ago) link

Tom M & Phil = OTM. Anecdotal evidence, I've tried endless times to get groups of untrained people on record, and while in each case they were enthusiastic about the idea beforehand, as soon as they had instruments in their hand they either froze up and handled the instruments like they were poisonous snakes, or repeated some dull riff they learned in school endlessly. I also notice that the less traditionally competent somebody is, the greater their fear of embarrasment or mistakes, whereas somebody with a bit of experience is going to be a bit more relaxed about it.

dave q, Friday, 13 December 2002 10:38 (twenty-one years ago) link

I seem to ahve music by 69 of the groups on the list and have heard of about 26 others. Plenty more work to be done.

Or maybe not.

tigerclawskank, Friday, 13 December 2002 12:27 (twenty-one years ago) link

the idea of having no chops is so much better than actually having no chops - however whenever i have done improvising w/ folks i find results & reward wise that collabs w/ rudimentary cage-rattlers and rock-smashers win hands down over trying it w/ supervirtuoso ubermusicians who just fricking practice scales and wink at you in a condescending manner if by any chance you get to catch up. like NNCK being a bit more vital than AMM. someone did me a tape of "mahogany brain" offa the NWW list - ever so greatly appreciated even if it sounded dreadful - REALLY DREADFUL.

bob snoom, Friday, 13 December 2002 13:28 (twenty-one years ago) link

I think it depends on the intentions of the musicians, mostly. I love both Coltrane and Harry Pussy. It seems strange to me to compare the two, though, because they're both so different.

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 15:27 (twenty-one years ago) link

I agree with phil for the most part, and am actually surprised that this thread hasn't seen more argument. I always question whether the communication going on between musicians as discernable to non-musicians, or if the preparation (for lack of a better word) done by musicians amounts to anything in the eyes of the audience.

dleone (dleone), Friday, 13 December 2002 15:31 (twenty-one years ago) link

It's usually apparent to me, I can't speak for anyone else.

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 15:41 (twenty-one years ago) link

i seem to remember reading that the guy playing the guitar solos on Chance Meeting.. was the engineer/producer who insisted on leaving his mark on the record.

mr drongo, Friday, 13 December 2002 16:07 (twenty-one years ago) link

Also, Jason does this mean you're going to search out stuff on the infamous "influences" list? Actually, does anybody have a copy of that list? I don't have the NWW album, but I'm familiar with a few things supposedly on the list (like the Black Crack LP), and would like to see the complete thingy.

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 16:45 (twenty-one years ago) link

I always suspected that Harry Pussy knew a LOT more than they let on at first listen. I mean, they had compositions, and they played them the same way every time--there's a Bananafish comp with a track called "Rehearsing the White Improvisor," which is IIRC them playing the same "free-form" noise-blurt almost identically three times in a row.

Coltrane's "free" records, esp. the final ones (like that freaking amazing "final concert" that came out a year or two ago) have a lot of very interesting stuff making up the screaming chaos.

Douglas, Friday, 13 December 2002 16:55 (twenty-one years ago) link

Anyone who answers "no" has never had to sit thru the drumming at one of Neil Hagerty's recent gigs.

Tracer Hand (tracerhand), Friday, 13 December 2002 17:08 (twenty-one years ago) link

I mean, you don't have to know anything about chemistry to take drugs, but that doesn't make you a chemist!

Tracer Hand (tracerhand), Friday, 13 December 2002 17:10 (twenty-one years ago) link

It makes you a scientist tho.

Roger Fascist (Roger Fascist), Friday, 13 December 2002 17:13 (twenty-one years ago) link

Which one is Neil Hagerty: free jazz, improv, noise, etc.?

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 17:14 (twenty-one years ago) link

I think this is the nurse list.

AGITATION FREE PEKKA AIRAKSINEN AIRWAY ALBRECT D ALCRATAZ ALGARNAS TRADGARD ALL 7-70 ALTERNATIVE TV ALVARO AME SON AMM MUSIC AMON DUUL AMON DUUL II ANAL MAGIC + REVEREND DWIGHT FRIZZEL ANIMA ANNEXUS QUAM AQSAK MABOUL ARBETE OCH FRITID ARCANE V ARCHAIA ARCHIMEDES BADKAR AREA GILBERT ARTMAN ART BEARS ART ZOYD III ARZACHEL ROBERT ASHLEY ASH RA TEMPLE ASSOCIATION PC IL BALLETTO DI BRONZO BANTEN FRANCO BATTIATO HAN BENNICK STEVE BERESFORD JACQUES BERROCAL PHILIPPE BESOMBES BIGLIETTO PER L'INFERNO BIRGE GORGE SHIROC BLUE SUN RAYMOND BONI DON BRADSHAW LEATHER BRAINSTORM BRAINTICKET BRAST BURN BRAVE NEW WORLD ANTON BRUHIN BRUHWARM THEATRE FRANZ DE BYL CABERET VOLTAIRE JOHN CAGE CAN CAPSICUM RED CAPTAIN BEEFHEART CHAMBERPOT CHECKPOINT CHARLIE CHENE NOIR CHILLUM HENRI CHOPIN CHROME COHELMEC ENSEMBLE JEAN COHEN-SOLAL COLLEGIUM MUSICUM ROBERTO COLOMBO COME COMPANYIA ELECTRICA DHARMA COMUS CORNUCOPIA CRASS CREATIVE ROCK CRO MAGNON DAVID CUNNINGHAM CUPOL DADAZUZU WOLFGANG DAUNER DEBRIS DECAYES DEDALUS DEEP FREEZE MICE DEUTSCH-AMERIKANISCHEN FREUNDSCHAFT DHARMA QUINTET DIES IRAE DOME DOO DOOETTES PHILIPPE DORAY ROGER DOYLE JEAN DUBUFFET DZYAN EILIFF EMTIDI EROC ETRON FOU LELOUBLAN EXMAGMA FAMILY FODDER PATRIZIO FARISELLI FAUST LUC FERRARI FILLE QUI MOUSSE FLOH DE CLOGNE FLYING LIZARDS FOOD BRAIN WALTER FRANCO FREE AGENTS FRIENDSOUND FRED FRITH GASH RON GESSIN GILA JEF GILSON GLAXO BABIES GOD IN DISGUISE(FORKLAND GUD) GOMORRHA GONG GOOD MISSIONARIES GRAND MAGIC CIRCUS JOHN GREAVES & PETER BLEGVAD FERNANDO GRILLO RAGNAR GRIPPE GROBSCHNITT GROUP 1850 JEAN GUERIN FRIEDRICH GULDA GURU GURU HAIRY CHAPTER HAMPTON GREASE BAND HELDON PIERRE HENRY HENTY COW HERATIUS HERO JUAN HIDALGO HUGH HOPPER HORDE CATALTYQUE POUR LA FIN HORRIFIC CHILD IBLISS L'INFONIE INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER ISKRA ISLAND MARTIN DAVORIN JAGODIC JAN DUKES DE GREY KING CRIMSON BASIL KIRCHIN ASAMU KITAJIMA KLUSTER FRANK KOLGES KOLLEKTIV ROTE RUBE KOMINTERN KRAFTWERK KROKIDIL STEVE LACY LARD FREE LE FORTE FOUR LEMON KITTENS LILY LIMBUS 3 LIMBUS 4 BERNARD LUBAT ALVIN LUCIER MAGICAL POWER MAKO MAGMA COLETTE MAGNY MAHJUN MAHOGANY BRAIN MALFATTI-WITTWER MAMA DADA 1919 MICHAEL MANTLER ALBERT MARCOEUR MARS MASCHINE NR.9 MATE & VALLANCIEN COSTIN MIEREANU MIN BUL MNEMONISTS MODRY EFEKT MOOLAH ANTHONY MOORE MOTHERS OF INVENTION MOVING GELATINE PLATES FRITZ MULLER THIERRY MULLER(ILITCH) MUSICA ELECTRONICA VIVA MUSIC IMPROVISATION COMPANY MYTHOS NAPOLI CENTRALE NEGATIVELAND NEU! NEW PHONIC ART NICO NIGHT SUN NIHILIST SPASM BAND NINE DAYS WONDER NOSFERATU NU CREATIVE METHODS OKTOBER YOKO ONO OPERATION RHINO OPUS AVANTRA ORCHID SPANGIAFORA OUT OF FOCUS OVARY LODGE TONY OXLEY PARKER & LYTTON PATAPHONIE PAUVROS & BIZIEN PERE UBU PIERROT LUNAIRE DER PLAN PLASTIC ONO BAND PLASTIC PEOPLE OF THE UNIVERSE POISON GIRLS POLE POP GROUP MICHEL PORTAL BOMIS PRENDIN PUBLIC IMAGE LTD RED CRAYOLA RED NOISE REFORM ART UNIT STEVE REICH ACHIM REICHEL THE RESIDENTS CATHERINE RIBEIRO & ALPES BOYD RICE TERRY RILEY CLAUDIO ROCCHI ROCKY'S FILJ RON PATES DEBONAIRES ROTH, RUHM & WIENER RAY RUSSEL TERJE RYPDAL MARTIN SAINT PIERRE SAMLA MAMMAS MANNA GUNTER SCHICKERT SECOND HAND SECRET OYSTER SEESSELBERG SEMOOL SONNY SHARROCK SILBERBART SILOAH SMEGMA SALLY SMMIT (& HER MUSICIANS) SNATCH SOFT MACHINE SPERM SPHINX TUSH KARLHEINZ STOCKHAUSEN STOOGES DEMETRIO STRATOS SUPERSISTER TAJ MAHAL TRAVELLERS TAMIA TANGERINE DREAM GHEDALIA TAZARTES TECHNICAL SPACE COMPOSERS CREW MAMA BEA TEKEILSKI THIRD EAR BAND THIRSTY MOON THIS HEAT JACQUES THOLLOT THRICE MICE THROBBING GRISTLE PAOLO TOFANI TOKYO KID BROTHERS TOLERANCE TOMORROW'S GIFT TON STEINE SCHERBEN TRANS MUSEQ ULI TREPTE TWENTY SIXTY SIX & THEN UNIVERS ZERO CHRISTIAN VANDER VELVET UNDERGROUND VERTO PATRICK VIAN L.VOAG MICHEL WAISVISZ IGOR WAKHEVITCH JAMES WHITE & THE CONTORTIONS WHITEHOUSE LAWRENCE WIENER WIRED TREVOR WISHART WOORDEN ROBERT WYATT IANNIS XENAKIS XHOL CARAVAN XHOL YA HO WA 13 LA MONTE YOUNG FRANK ZAPPA ZNR ZWEISTEIN

dan (dan), Friday, 13 December 2002 17:47 (twenty-one years ago) link

Thank you. I always thought it was specific albums.

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 17:49 (twenty-one years ago) link

you need to get all of the albums by all of the artists, on vinyl.

dan (dan), Friday, 13 December 2002 17:56 (twenty-one years ago) link

Hagerty is "noise soul", maybe? (ex-Royal Trux) He had two drummers with him and they had NO IDEA how to keep the same beat; whenever they'd sync up, seemingly by chance, every 10 minutes or so it was like "YES!!!" But I would never see that lineup again in a limmion years

Tracer Hand (tracerhand), Friday, 13 December 2002 18:03 (twenty-one years ago) link

Dude, I don't need any DAF records, thanx.

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 18:06 (twenty-one years ago) link

Ugh, don't need any Whitehouse either, thanx.

Yeah I heard the solo Hagerty shows weren't grrrreat, but then again I dunno a lot of it comes down to intention and whatnot. How do you know those two drummers don't "know the rules" but chose to flaunt them anyways? Is there something wrong with defying the rules of a given genre, in that case rock or something ("noise soul")?

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 18:18 (twenty-one years ago) link

but you need all the doo-dooettes LPs you can get.

jack cole (jackcole), Friday, 13 December 2002 18:22 (twenty-one years ago) link

i linked to the list higher up on the page, and the bands are broken up by hard returns, so it's a lil easier to read

JasonD (JasonD), Friday, 13 December 2002 18:23 (twenty-one years ago) link

have technical skillz can be just as much of a hinderance as having no skillz. each has its own range of traps and benefits. it all comes down to having vision -- the determining factor.

jack cole (jackcole), Friday, 13 December 2002 18:25 (twenty-one years ago) link

Oh yeah, I see that you did. Thanks! blastitude.com rullllez, by the way.

I'll get around to writing you back today, hopefully!

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 18:27 (twenty-one years ago) link

hstencil you are the bogey on my tail today!

at the sho i saw neil was complaining about the shitty sound on his mike and playing very simple - if angular - soul-type riffs and singing simple - if quavery-husky - melodies on top of them. if the idea was for the drums to sound as if they had pulled two random people off the street to play them, they succeeded, but given what was happening with the rest of the band i doubt it; in any case it didn't work for me and believe me i was trying to get into it, i'd just paid 10 bucks and i wuv the Trux! my point about drumming is that you pretty much have to know what you're doing at some level. with a guitar you can just hit all your fx pedals and diddle mindlessly while your other bandmates chug away and set the stage for you. but drumming requires an intense physical knowledge! it looks fun to do but if you don't know how to drum and you sit behind a kit you realize what WORK it is.... not to go through the perhaps boring process of teaching your limbs to behave independently of each other, etc you are setting yourself up for diasster unles you play something extremely basic. look at the great unskilled drummers. peg from the gories, for instance. she never tried to do anything more complicated than "whack THOMP" and believe me, people are going to remember her playing for a lot longer than those two jokers NH had with him, but your mileage may vary etc

Tracer Hand (tracerhand), Friday, 13 December 2002 18:39 (twenty-one years ago) link

hstencil you are the bogey on my tail today!

I am the fly in your ointment, I can spread more disease, blah blah blah, I BETTER BUY MYSELF A NEW REFERENCE, MISTER!

Yeah, I dunno about the Hagerty. I'd rather see a unglorious mess than a polished turd, myself.

What do you think of Meg White?

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 18:46 (twenty-one years ago) link

btw - is Artemus Pyle's son playing drums for Hagerty? That would make this and the Skynyrd thread super-special.

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 18:47 (twenty-one years ago) link

i have two off topic topics:
1. what is IIRC?

2. how is Hagerty's solo album (does he have more than one)?. i heard a clip of it once and was kinda into it. weird soul w/super fat low end bass. sounded kinda cool and i keep seeing it around, but keep passing it up.

JasonD (JasonD), Friday, 13 December 2002 18:56 (twenty-one years ago) link

i. If I Recall Correctly

ii. i don't know, ever since that show i've had zero interest!

hstencil i'm kind of totally side-stepping the question, which was about free jazz, noise, etc.; music with "no rules"; the Gories are the polar opposite. the rules of their music were etched long ago by bo diddley et al. saying something new within such a stripped-down and rigorous framework becomes the challenge here, i guess... anyway my suspicion is that in genres with fewer rules you need MORE skills, to make up for the lack of signposts i.e. if there's no trail thru the forest you'd better have spent some time in the outdoors before

Tracer Hand (tracerhand), Friday, 13 December 2002 19:27 (twenty-one years ago) link

anyway my suspicion is that in genres with fewer rules you need MORE skills, to make up for the lack of signposts i.e. if there's no trail thru the forest you'd better have spent some time in the outdoors before

Here's where I disagree. Free jazz definitely has rules, and if anything, it's a common misconception that it doesn't (a misconception that has harmed the career of nearly every freejazzer that never "went straight" later). Most all of the first and second wave dudes and dudettes (very rare, but there are some) that played this music knew the jazz rules because they had already played for years.

Improv, having come out of free jazz practices, is a bit more free-for-all but was still played by dudes and dudettes with backgrounds in other, more rule-based music. I have a hard time believing that even the freest, most-outest improvisor doesn't bring something to the table in terms of experience, conception, rule-understanding, technique, etc. (i.e. Evan Parker may sound like "noise" to the free jazz trad philistines (yes there are some) on freejazz.org, but he can play anything with rules and melody if he wants so fuck them).

I'm not sure if there's any rules for noise, but then again I'm not sure if noise is a genre.

And where does Reynols fit in all this?

I think it's really all about concept guiding execution. Which is why some garage bands (like, say, the Oblivians) work for me, whereas some don't (like, say, The White Stripes).

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 19:35 (twenty-one years ago) link

"Reynols" = ?

On this thread I argue that what's inspiring about punk for me is the spirit of just going for it totally, before you're sure you're any good or not. Here it seems like I'm arguing the opposite, that you have to have your chops before you can create anything memorable (which wd presumably apply to punk, too, tho punk has got some pretty strict rules, more to do w.attitude than music theory). The proviso that connects the two is that if you decide to throw your guitar against the wall and play with whatever tuning results, you have to be able to pull it off! That's why punk can be so thrilling for me, because the successes just seem so unlikely.

Tracer Hand (tracerhand), Friday, 13 December 2002 19:53 (twenty-one years ago) link

That's why Avril Lavigne, among others, is not punk at all. Has nothing to do with whether she knows who the Sex Pistols are.

Reynols = No Existen

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 20:01 (twenty-one years ago) link

I'd hardly accuse Avril of doing too much music theory homework, hstencil!

Tracer Hand (tracerhand), Friday, 13 December 2002 20:14 (twenty-one years ago) link

I'm not. A lot of people jumped on my case because of my ridicule of her claims to "punk," thinking I was a doctrinaire class-of-'77er (even though I made it clear that was not the case, nor what I meant).

hstencil, Friday, 13 December 2002 20:45 (twenty-one years ago) link

I love both Coltrane and Harry Pussy. It seems strange to me to compare the two, though, because they're both so different.

no, it wasn't a comparison - > (greater than).

where does jean dubuffet's music fit in? he literally didn't know how to play ANY instruments...

your null fame (yournullfame), Saturday, 14 December 2002 04:44 (twenty-one years ago) link

Apparently he could play piano reasonably well. And I think he completely mastered that primitive tape recorder that he had, too. That's irrelevant though, his music is terrific. Perfect realisation of his aesthetic in music...blahblahblah. What do I know? I just think it sounds great.

James Annett (jlannett), Saturday, 14 December 2002 06:12 (twenty-one years ago) link

What do I know? I just think it sounds great.

that more or less expresses my attitude towards this thread.

your null fame (yournullfame), Saturday, 14 December 2002 07:44 (twenty-one years ago) link

Where do Asia and Journey fit in this?

Kris (aqueduct), Saturday, 14 December 2002 17:52 (twenty-one years ago) link

Kris - check out the seguue between "Walks Like a Lady" and "La Do Da" on 'Captured live'

dave q, Saturday, 14 December 2002 18:06 (twenty-one years ago) link

I think jack coles comment is OTM. Also, chops or not, improvising with others is a seperate skill that benefits from practice and experience.

Personally I'm a fan of learning your instrument with discipline and then 'forgetting' what you know...everything you have done before on it informs what you play whether you want it to or not (i.e. Coltrane's 'free' stuff still sounds very thoughtful and intentional to me). Also, if musicians who have spent time learning their instrument simply have better control over their tone and know how to get a good sound(s) out of it, and therefore will be more pleasant to listen to no matter what they're playing (and how noisy it is).

Jordan (Jordan), Saturday, 14 December 2002 18:17 (twenty-one years ago) link


I propose that someone has to be enforcing a rule for you to be able to break it. Even if NWW or Harry Pussy happened to be from the Julliard they couldn't suddenly alienate their fan base like the 1966 free jazzers did. So basically I agree with Tracer except to suggest that the "Jazz rules" are just/only as (non)musical as the "Punk Rules".

vahid (vahid), Sunday, 15 December 2002 11:20 (twenty-one years ago) link

"free noise" is such a loaded term -- i've seen it used locally for addled freak-outs and for quite clear compositions with rules, some of which can initially sound like freak-outs -- i think it helps the listener to appreciate concrete things like pitch relationships, the timbre of sounds, the musicians' communication 'protocols' that often emmerge mirage like from whithin some of these compositions -- all these things providing the 'coherence glue', the clues for listeners, hopefully sub-consciously

yes, i think practitioners of this relatively recent trend (art-rock from the premise of existing rationales for some free jazz and 20th century classical practises, or from the premise of 'new' or 'experimental') have to know the 'how' and 'why' of music to be able to aim properly, so they are able to play their instruments maybe oddly, maybe semi-accidentally, but still deliberately -- to arrive at the aims of the musical/noise undertaking by rules or guidelines for the manipulation of sound -- i think it has to sound more intelligible than 'found accidental sound', yeah imho

this stuff has been argued extensively elsewhere -- to really enjoy these musics i think the listener has to be able to ignore the rhetoric whilst actually processing the music -- the music has to stand up for itself as sound, however free-ish or random sounding -- right down to delivering on the title conferred on the music -- from this, i say "free noise" is an easy umbrella term consistent with there being no existing language with which to properly criticise this stuff, ie however you might think the music developing in this way is often in its infancy, the terms of discussion for it are a long way from consensus

george gosset (gegoss), Sunday, 15 December 2002 13:34 (twenty-one years ago) link

where does jean dubuffet's music fit in? he literally didn't know how to play ANY instruments...

I dunno, but his music is great. Wish I could find those Finnadar LPs...

hstencil, Monday, 16 December 2002 13:49 (twenty-one years ago) link

two months pass...
The list isn't really that bad, especially if you're
familiar with hard core prog. I've heard or owned
albums of about 40 of those bands and heard OF 20
more - with that track record I doubt he made any up,
but lack of punctuation and typos (like "Henty Cow")
complicate things.

PS. Vinyl sucks.

Squirrel_Police (Squirrel_Police), Saturday, 1 March 2003 16:20 (twenty-one years ago) link

nine months pass...
Jacques Thollot's Cinq Hops is complete classic.

dleone (dleone), Friday, 12 December 2003 05:55 (twenty years ago) link

tell me abt it.

Julio Desouza (jdesouza), Friday, 12 December 2003 08:34 (twenty years ago) link

Thollot is a drummer (played with Sonny Sharrock, Don Cherry in the 60s and 70s), but this is from 1978 and is a suite of classical art-songs, breaking into pretty out fusion every now and then. The vocalists on it sings in an operatic style, and it kind of reminds me of Magma except that Thollot's writing is a lot more straightforwardly "melodic" and he probably has a better harmonic sense. (He's also a great drummer, but not as flashy as most of the more famous fusion drummers).

Anyway, I had never heard a jazz record like this before. I'm also reminded of very early Weather Report, kind of a spacey, tricky pop at heart here. I don't think it's on CD, I found it on slsk.

dleone (dleone), Friday, 12 December 2003 16:36 (twenty years ago) link

eleven years pass...

http://www.hundredyearsgallery.com/cram-festival/

this looks ok..

xyzzzz__, Friday, 28 August 2015 11:35 (eight years ago) link

seven years pass...

is there a more regularly used improv/free thread? anyway, have really been getting into this album - trim — dominic lash/rachel mission/steve noble/phil durrant.

i’m not a knowledgeable free jazz person *at all* but there’s an almost archaic lyricism here in the improv boundary zones, with a version of space age synths and information distortion. it keeps insistently reminding me, in ways i can’t articulate, of hank jones’ lazy afternoon. this seems absurd on its face but i’m going to go along with it.

good new label too.

Fizzles, Monday, 22 May 2023 17:31 (ten months ago) link

just post in in the rolling jazz thread imo

budo jeru, Monday, 22 May 2023 21:11 (ten months ago) link

^ i have no idea what that thread is and refuse to post in it

budo jeru, Monday, 29 May 2023 15:49 (ten months ago) link

your loss

young sussy (Whiney G. Weingarten), Monday, 29 May 2023 17:35 (ten months ago) link


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