Odyssey Dawn: a military operations in Libya thread.

Oh, and all those noble aims in support of the Democratic Aspirations of the Libyan People.

see kids, the capital letters let you know he's being sarcastic

Taking the position that Libya could not possibly become any worse than it was, say, just six months ago is not credible ... this quote shows no grasp of the possibilities for bloody mayhem now that bombs and bullets have been added to the mix.

of course im aware libya post-uprising could likely be worse in the short term, or hell, even long-term, than libya under gadaffi. that's the same with pretty much every revolution ever, american, french, whatever. you and tracer are saying no-one should ever have one, afaict. im very much aware of the possibilities for bloody mayhem, but the bullets, for the millionth time, were added to the mix by gadaffi. he had unarmed protesters shot.

i take it that in your view they should not have protested, because a violent response was inevitable? would be really interested to know what, from your vantage point in the post-revolutionary west, the libyans who rose up should have done instead.

sorry i mean 'Really Interested'

Sure, Iraq was about oil.

Oh, FFS. This again?

Has any country in this region, either pre- or post-colonial meddling, ever had a stable democracy (Israel excepted)? India (not exactly the region, but still) seems to be a shining example of a diverse, huge population reaching some sort of cooperative consensus across religious, etc. lines (recall reading that India's Muslim minority is larger than the entire middle eastern Arab population put together). Turkey, too, right? But the odds of a democratic government coming out of this Libya incursion seems about as unlikely as, I don't know, a truly democratic government coming out of what happened in Egypt, or Tunisia. Or Iraq. Or Afghanistan. (Stretching the "region" here, admittedly). Which means the only way to "achieve" our "goals" is to maintain a presence in the region to bolster whatever temp/phony government fills the vacuum (is this the inevitable outcome of mission creep?). Just amazing to me that here we are in 2011, with Iraq still simmering and Afghanistan active and all sorts of other shit going on, and we've voluntarily entered into an open-ended military mission in the middle east with vague, unfocused goals and an as yet undeclared means of achieving them.

Lebanon's had democratic governments? Not very stable mind you! But I'm not sure that's their own fault.

It's never their own fault! That's part of the point. Is the region just irreparably broken?

Has any country in this region, either pre- or post-colonial meddling, ever had a stable democracy (Israel excepted)?

it's an impossible, somewhat loaded question -- 'colonial meddling' assumes what? which empire do you mean? the land we call libya has was under imperial control for half a millennium before the fall of mussolini. and under gadaffi it became a russian client. that's not 'meddling', it's a near-permanent state of affairs.

but no, there hasn't been much democracy in libya, historically. nor in any other part of the world.

i don't understand why you think it so unlikely that these north african countries could have democratic government when you also say that india and turkey do have it. im not sure many countries have a 'truly democratic' government, but either way, very few countries started out as democracies.

Is the region just irreparably broken?

― Josh in Chicago, Thursday, March 31, 2011 1:42 PM (2 minutes ago) Bookmark

jeepers, it's as if western europe hadn't had an episode of mass slaughter within the span of some people's memories. who is the 'control' in this thought experiment?

I don't know why, but it's surprising to realise that through the 1930s Libya was an actual colony - a colony - of Italy.

(And only stopped being one because the British and the French took over)

The Italians and Germans had imperialist envy at the beginning of the 20th century. Note Germany's interests in Southwest Africa (Namibia), the Cameroons, a sphere of influence in China, and a few specks in the Pacific used as coaling stations.

Off the point but I was shocked when I first started reading about Rwanda to learn that the main reason the Hutus resented the Tutsis wasn't centuries of rivalry but the divide-and-rule racial politics of the Germans. From Wikipedia:

"During this period, many Europeans had become obsessed with race, and this had an impact on life in Rwanda. The Germans believed the Tutsi ruling class was a superior racial type who, because of their apparent "Hamitic" origins on the Horn of Africa, were more "European" than the Hutu. Because of their seemingly taller stature, more "honorable and eloquent" personalities, and their willingness to convert to Roman Catholicism, the colonist, including powerful Roman Catholic officials, favored the Tutsis. They were put in charge of the farming Hutus (almost in a feudalistic manner), the newly formed principalities, and were given basic ruling positions. Eventually, these positions would turn into the overall governing body of Rwanda. The Tutsi oppression of the Hutus seemed somehow normal and expected."

By "meddling" I meant broad western interference, from outright colonization (or worse) on down. Anyway, my point is that it seems no more effective to foster the rise of democracy (like was pointed out, a historical anomaly anyway) in this region than it is to redraw borders or partition countries.

xpost And of course, vast swaths of Africa and Asia were European colonies as well, well into the 20th century. It doesn't take much history to reach back to some seemingly inconceivable scenarios that comprised our weird collective reality just a couple of generations ago.

But what if the citizens of those countries want democracy? Do we just say, no, you're not ready for it, you'll only fuck it up.

I mean, in some ways that's a good question. It's conceivable, for numerous cultural/religious reasons, that democracy literally can't work there, though of course there can be compromises. I'd suggest that even Israel is a compromised democracy (and hey, the US, too). But the ethnic/religious divides there are ancient and real, and grudges and distrust go back for centuries. How did India and Turkey pull it off?

Also, it's sort of being difficult, but who are "the citizens?" A majority? A vocal minority? The rebels? And it's almost like trying to resolve an abusive relationship decades down the line: it's possibly less that anyone wants democracy, per se, so much as something, anything better than their decades-reigning bad-drunk stepfathers, with "democracy" a loose ideal.

(Obv. this is just one hypothesis, because at this point there haven't been a lot of "what's next?" specifics)

It's never their own fault!

Re: Lebanon. Guessing that been stuck between Syria and Israel might, uh, put some strain on a country

there are a lot of reasons to oppose intervention in libya but afiac "arabs/muslims/libyans cant do democracy" seems like one of the worst

Sure, I'll give you that. Because obviously they *can*.

this is a good essay from last week about the discourse around libya: http://zunguzungu.wordpress.com/2011/03/26/libya-waiting-to-see/

This is particularly a problem because there is no good option in Libya: with respect to UN intervention, both “nothing” and “something” are completely terrible. And you need to understand that I understand that, because otherwise — no matter how I say what I will eventually say about it — you may mistake me for someone who is in the business of not only predicting the future, but of demanding that a particular course of action, based on my particular insight into events, is the right one. You will mistake me for someone who is under the illusion that “if I were president” is a useful premise for commentary. It’s not, and I’m not doing that. I’m watching the news day-by-day, reading about the past and revising my opinion as I get more information. “When the facts change, I change my opinion,” as Keynes supposedly said; “What do you do, sir?”

CIA teams on the ground

gathering intelligence to direct airstrikes and to assist the few libyan officers working for the opposition in training.

maybe it'll work this time!

haha

there are a lot of reasons to oppose intervention in libya but afiac "arabs/muslims/libyans cant do democracy" seems like one of the worst

Mere orientalism

Re: Lebanon. Guessing that been stuck between Syria and Israel might, uh, put some strain on a country

A country, like many in the post European imperialist era that was formed from disparate elements that dislike and mistrust each other. The very fact that the president is supposed to be Maronite, the PM Sunni, the speaker of the parliament Shiite and the chief of staff Druze is the result of the worst kind of imperialist gerrymandering. I'm no fan of the Syrian Ba'athists or the Alawite elite in Syria but the impetus towards a 'greater Syria' isn't entirely devoid of historical relevance and prior to being manipulated by the French, the locals were, of course, under the dominion of the Turks.

The Alawite gang in Syria need war w/Israel and the Emergency Law to maintain themselves in power and I'm sure they fear that, if allowed to vote, the majority of the Syrian people wouldn't be terribly well-disposed toward them.

That's a great link, max

"There’s a dangerous narcissism in imagining the West has a monopoly on things like imperialism, and that kind of solipsism is often particularly tempting and satisfying to even those in the West that think bad things about “the West”: it allows us to maintain the belief that the West is still the center of the universe, even if it’s now the Devil rather than God. But being opposed to the devil we know doesn’t change the fact that there actually are other devils. And a legacy of anti-colonial thinking has left a lot of leftists unable to understand that being the enemy of our enemy doesn’t make someone our friend. Just because the great powers of The West are imperialist in some sense doesn’t mean that those who oppose them in some sense — people like Gaddafi, Chavez, Mugabe, or Ahmadinejad — actually are anti-imperialist."

so a lot of the anti-intervention voices ive been reading have been holding up kosovo as--i guess--a disaster? or at least a good example of why intervention isnt the right policy. is this the general sentiment? this was all before my political consciousness and ive never really read about it, but i always thought u.s. involvement was more or less "successful"?

Again, non-intervention in Kosovo might have been worse. It's still a major cf but then, so is Serbia generally and the Russians' paternalistic attitude towards the southern Slavs doesn't entirely help.

The Balkans can be seen through a post-imperialist lens as well, it's just that the imperialists were Turks.

Maybe I've been looking in the wrong places but I was under the impression that the Kosovo intervention was generally deemed a success, thought not an unqualified one. But there seems to be a growing argument that it was wrong, for a variety of reasons, none of which I find convincing and some of which seem to involved whitewashing Milosevic. I don't know why this is such a popular POV now, unless it's the internet echo-chamber effect - the same phrases and stats keep recurring.

This guy represents the anti case pretty clearly, though without the pro-Milosevic stuff you find in the comments below

The 3 responses that Glen Greenwald linked to on Salon responding to Juan Cole did not seem very impressive to me. Some (or 1) mentioned the Balkans--the long stalemate there.

I was unimpressed with Cole's two-line response from a couple of days ago.

Links?

Kosovo (like Libya) wasn't a chocolate vs dog shit choice. It's still deeply fcuked up and almost a million ppl were displaced and some 11K killed but doing nothing wouldn't have been a better option and Milosevic can emerge any time he likes from his grave and kiss my ass.

I may seriously question the committment of France, the UK and the US in Libya but sitting back and watching Qaddafi massacre the insurgents from the air like Saddam did to the Shia and Kurds in '91 did not sit well with me at all and it would have tarnished the Arab Spring to a very great extent.

watching Qaddafi massacre the insurgents from the air

...

Q: Do you see any evidence that he actually has fired on his own people from the air? There were reports of it, but do you have independent confirmation? If so, to what extent?

SEC. GATES: We’ve seen the press reports, but we have no confirmation of that.

ADM. MULLEN: That’s correct. We’ve seen no confirmation whatsoever.

March 1 2011
http://www.defense.gov/transcripts/transcript.aspx?transcriptid=4777

...

A top Vatican official citing reliable sources in close contact with residents told Reuters at least 40 civilians have been killed in air strikes over Tripoli.

March 31 2011
http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2011/03/2011331142051984358.html

...

it's not like i'm usually all about the US SecDef and the, uh, Vatican as reliable, truthful sources about military operations but.. it seems kind of germane to the conversation we're having

http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2011/03/2011331142051984358.html

sorry, didn't mean to post that al-j article twice

here's another one:

http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/2011/03/2011328194855872276.html

this guy says the transitional council is NOT buddies with the west (though he provides scant evidence for this). i really would like to know more about these dudes.

http://www.juancole.com/2011/03/answer-to-glenn-greenwald.html

http://www.salon.com/news/opinion/glenn_greenwald/2011/03/30/libya/index.html

I don't see the problem with Cole's response TBH.

OK he updated it; yesterday he posted a three-sentence answer.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustafa_Abdul_Jalil - Head of the National Transitional Council

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahmoud_Jibril - PM

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omar_El-Hariri - Minister of Military Affairs

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_al-Essawi - Foregin Affairs

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_Tarhouni - Finance

btw, my trivia team would've won last Sunday night if any of us had remembered "Odyssey Dawn."

(That's OK -- NONE of the teams correctly identified the host of ABC's This Week either. Truly trivial information.)

xpost Ah, of course, that figures.

Johan Galtung: 20 Years of War in Libya

The opposition in Libya, according to Galtung, stands for the West. France, Italy, the UK, and the US are likely to invest huge sums in that opposition. On Monday Obama promised to transfer $33 billion in seized Libyan assets to "the people" of Libya; that means the opposition. What's underway, Galtung says, is a civil war, not a no-fly zone protecting civilians. And killing Gadaffi would make him a martyr.

Gadaffi's military is not primarily foreign mercenaries. Prior to U.S. involvement, military forces were defecting to the rebel side; now one doesn't hear of that happening. The leader of the rebels is a CIA creation. Going back to the U.S. liberation of Cuba and the Philippines, the U.S. military has stepped in to "help" dozens of countries and overstayed its welcome every single time without exception.

Galtung doesn't predict that the United States will be at war in Libya for 20 years. He expects Western Europe to take over the poisonous role of empire from the current global power. China, he believes, even if it were powerful enough to step into that role, is not stupid enough to do so.

The paramount Greenwald question: "How many times do we have to arm one side of a civil war -- only for that side to then become our Enemy five or ten or fifteen years later -- before we learn not to do that any more?"