Court: Sampling May Violate Copyright Law (Ap)

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Court: Sampling May Violate Copyright Law

Tue Sep 7,10:07 PM ET

By JOHN GEROME, Associated Press Writer

NASHVILLE, Tenn. - A federal appeals court ruled Tuesday that rap artists should pay for every musical sample included in their work — even minor, unrecognizable snippets of music.

Lower courts had already ruled that artists must pay when they sample another artists' work. But it has been legal to use musical snippets — a note here, a chord there — as long as it wasn't identifiable.


The decision by a three-judge panel of the 6th Circuit Court of Appeals in Cincinnati gets rid of that distinction. The court said federal laws aimed at stopping piracy of recordings applies to digital sampling.


"If you cannot pirate the whole sound recording, can you 'lift' or 'sample' something less than the whole? Our answer to that question is in the negative," the court said.


"Get a license or do not sample. We do not see this as stifling creativity in any significant way."


Some observers questioned whether the court's opinion is too restrictive, especially for rap and hip-hop artists who often rhyme over samples of music taken from older recordings.


"It seems a little extreme to me," said James Van Hook, dean of Belmont University's Mike Curb College of Entertainment and Music Business. "When something is identifiable, that is the key."


The case at issue is one of at least 800 lawsuits filed in Nashville over lifting snippets of music from older recordings for new music.


The case centers on the NWA song "100 Miles and Runnin," which samples a three-note guitar riff from "Get Off Your Ass and Jam" by '70s funk-master George Clinton and Funkadelic.


In the two-second sample, the guitar pitch has been lowered, and the copied piece was "looped" and extended to 16 beats. The sample appears five times in the new song.


NWA's song was included in the 1998 movie "I Got the Hook Up," starring Master P and produced by his movie company, No Limit Films.


No Limit Films has argued that the sample was not protected by copyright law. Bridgeport Music and Westbound Records, which claim to own the copyrights for the Funkadelic song, appealed the lower court's summary judgment in favor of No Limit Films.


The lower court in 2002 said that the riff in Clinton's song was entitled to copyright protection, but the sampling "did not rise to the level of legally cognizable appropriation."


The appeals court disagreed, saying a recording artist who acknowledges sampling may be liable, even when the source of a sample is unrecognizable.


Noting that No Limit Films "had not disputed that it digitally sampled a copyrighted sound recording," the appeals court sent the case back to the lower court.


Richard Busch, attorney for Westbound Records and Bridgeport Music, said he was pleased with the ruling.


Robert Sullivan, attorney for No Limit Films, did not return a phone call to his office.

shookout (shookout), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 18:28 (nineteen years ago) link

Fucking Nashville.

Jordan (Jordan), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 18:34 (nineteen years ago) link

Belmont University's Mike Curb College of Entertainment and Music Business wtf?

Also, NWA? What year is this?

Huk-L, Wednesday, 8 September 2004 18:35 (nineteen years ago) link

Fucking Nashville.

why are we blaming nashville? according to the story, the decision was made by a cincinnati-based appeals court in a case brought by funkadelic's original label and publisher, which i believe are/were in detroit.

fact checking cuz (fcc), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 19:26 (nineteen years ago) link

Oh, come on, it's not like I'm going to actually READ the article.

Jordan (Jordan), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 19:30 (nineteen years ago) link

"Get a license or do not sample. We do not see this as stifling creativity in any significant way."

I'm not positive, but I always assumed that licenses to use popular songs or the work of well-known artists are expensive. Is this the case? Who decides how much to charge?

comme personne (common_person), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 19:44 (nineteen years ago) link

Who decides how much to charge?

whoever owns the copyright in the performance, which is usually the record company. they own it, they can charge whatever the hell they want.

fact checking cuz (fcc), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 19:51 (nineteen years ago) link

Passionate Creative Commons representative to thread.

jeffery (jeffery), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 19:52 (nineteen years ago) link

Of course, if the sample really is small and unidentifiable (i.e. fucked with) enough, no one's going to be able to notice it anyway.

Jordan (Jordan), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 19:54 (nineteen years ago) link

Who decides how much to charge?

what i meant to say was...whoever owns the copyright in the performance, which is usually the record company. they own it, they can charge whatever the hell they want. plus you've got to pay whoever owns the copyright in the song itself, which is sometimes the artist and sometimes a publishing company. (this is altogether different than simply doing a cover version of someone else's song, which you don't need permission to do; for that, you just pay an automatic, government-stipulated royalty based on your sales.)

fact checking cuz (fcc), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 19:54 (nineteen years ago) link

>"Get a license or do not sample. We do not see this as stifling creativity in any significant way."

wow, that's a good one. no mention of the fact that if they don't want to give you a license, they don't have to; or that the price they name for a 'valuable' pop tune commodity might be out of reach of an independent act who are trying to do something non-mainstream with the sample.

until there is compulsory sample licensing that allows anyone to pay for a sample in the exact way they pay publishing to perform a cover, this is going to have a damaging impact on music.

(Jon L), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 20:07 (nineteen years ago) link

This seems like a little bit of a double-standard. Aren't visual artists allowed to get away with a great deal of appropriation of pre-existing visual material, or am I wrong about that?

I'm ambivalent about this. I think maybe there ought to be an arbitrary length or something and anything over that would need to be licensed. But to have to license ever possible tiny bit of sample seems excessive to me.

Rockist_Scientist (rockist_scientist), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 20:24 (nineteen years ago) link

Most of the music I listen to has nothing to do with sampling, but I think that because of the legal issues, much of the promise of sampling has never been realized.

Rockist_Scientist (rockist_scientist), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 20:26 (nineteen years ago) link

"until there is compulsory sample licensing that allows anyone to pay for a sample in the exact way they pay publishing to perform a cover, this is going to have a damaging impact on music."
OTM! (no irony intended)

"Aren't visual artists allowed to get away with a great deal of appropriation of pre-existing visual material"
Not like they used to...see Lawrence Lessig's writing on the over-enforcement of copyright laws in recent years.

lovebug starski (lovebug starski), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 20:51 (nineteen years ago) link

fuck this bullshit.

latebloomer (latebloomer), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 21:55 (nineteen years ago) link

how are they going to enforce this?

latebloomer (latebloomer), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 21:59 (nineteen years ago) link

GUNS

dean? (deangulberry), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:00 (nineteen years ago) link

N ROSES

cinniblount (James Blount), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:02 (nineteen years ago) link

JOKES

dean? (deangulberry), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:03 (nineteen years ago) link

GUNS

dean? (deangulberry), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:06 (nineteen years ago) link

N ROSES

dean? (deangulberry), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:06 (nineteen years ago) link

oops, do I owe you money now?

dean? (deangulberry), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:06 (nineteen years ago) link

soon everything will be copyrighted - water, air, molecules, DNA, synaptic processes, ad nauseam.

It's the ownership society!

Shakey Mo Collier, Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:10 (nineteen years ago) link

it'll happen, you'll see.

latebloomer (latebloomer), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:44 (nineteen years ago) link

and i'm serious.

latebloomer (latebloomer), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:46 (nineteen years ago) link

I ALREADY PWN THIS THREAD F U ALL

dean? (deangulberry), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:46 (nineteen years ago) link

Hey, I was being completely serious too! Logic of capitalism = everything must be assigned market value.

Shakey Mo Collier, Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:47 (nineteen years ago) link

Yeah, but comparing music samples and water is a bit off kilter.

dean? (deangulberry), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:53 (nineteen years ago) link

I'll admit I was stating it in a humorous way, but my point was serious.

comedy is like that sometimes.

Shakey Mo Collier, Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:55 (nineteen years ago) link

and really I don't think it's that much of a leap from a publishing company claiming they "own" three seconds of music to Monsanto claiming they "own" strains of corn, soy, etc.

Shakey Mo Collier, Wednesday, 8 September 2004 22:57 (nineteen years ago) link

can anyone find another article dealing with thsi that isn't paraphrasing this Associated Press article.

Savin All My Love 4 u (Savin 4ll my (heart) 4u), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 23:13 (nineteen years ago) link

This is all bullshit anyway and won't change a thing.
It has always been illegal. There are cases about this all the time. Hence all the major rap artists already clear everything anyway.

Just recently there was that Wilco vs Iridial - Yankee Hotel Foxtrot sampling issue (althogh that was taken to court in the UK i believe). There have been countless cases some goign one way others goign the other way. It just comes down to how much dough the owner of the Publishing rights has.

How about bands like ESG or Liquid Liquid. who have been sampled to fuck by countless hip hop djs. but because they aren't on some huge label they dont' get squat.

does DJ Shadow clear a sample? should he? Supposing that the original artist owns thier song and all its rights should some will smith be able to come along steal a loop (ala rock the casbah, or that Le Chic track - He's the greatest Dancer) and sell millions and make shitloads without showing some respect to the orignal artist?

What about Daft Punk? anyone heard that song by Edwin Birdsong - Cola Bottle Baby. - if you've got a copy of Discovery laying around can you check and see if Harder Better Stronger acknowledges Edwin Birdsong?

Savin All My Love 4 u (Savin 4ll my (heart) 4u), Wednesday, 8 September 2004 23:22 (nineteen years ago) link

Of course, if the sample really is small and unidentifiable (i.e. fucked with) enough, no one's going to be able to notice it anyway.

Yeah, this ruling really means nothing since it's only something new for non-identifiable samples. If someone catches you on it, then obviously they identified the sample, so it wasn't non-identifiable anyway!


wetmink (wetmink), Thursday, 9 September 2004 01:21 (nineteen years ago) link

Lessig's take on the court ruling...

http://www.lessig.org/blog/archives/002153.shtml

Aaron W (Aaron W), Friday, 10 September 2004 03:06 (nineteen years ago) link


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